LONG ESSAYS (10 Marks)
With the help of graphs, explain the mechanism of air entry and exit
from the lungs.
Draw a labeled diagram of a normal Spirogram. Briefly describe the
normal lung Volumes & capacities.
Describe in detail the neural regulation of respiration.
Describe in detail the chemical regulation of respiration.
Define Hypoxia. Classify hypoxias & explain the features seen in
different types of hypoxia.
Classify & briefly describe pulmonary function test (PFT) in common
use.
SHORT ESSAYS (5 Marks)
Functions of upper respiratory passage
Pulmonary circulation
Work of Breathing
Timed Vital Capacity and its significance in diseases
Describe the forms in which CO2 is transported in blood. Add a note on
chloride Shift
Describe in detail the transport of Oxygen in blood
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Cyanosis
Dead Space
Oxygen Therapy
What is Asphyxia? Explain its features.
Periodic Breathing
Ventilation- perfusion ratio
Factors affecting gaseous diffusion in lungs
Lung Surfactant & its
applied aspect
Artificial respiration
Effect of exercise on respiratory system
Dysbarism
SHORT ANSWERS (3 Marks)
Muscles of Inspiration
Define tidal volume & Residual Volume. Give their normal values.
Define FRC, normal range & significance.
Bohr effect
Haldane Effect.
Hyperbaric oxygen
Herring – Breuer Reflex
J-receptors
Acclimatization
Acute mountain Sickness
Apnea
Breaking point
Oxygen Debt
VO2max
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